diff --git a/content/3.defense-systems/zorya.md b/content/3.defense-systems/zorya.md index c1cb4ae4ea5b2b6b25ee00da43f4b52c223fe522..f023cdcf81af5d8d4b30debf84682637383cd2c7 100644 --- a/content/3.defense-systems/zorya.md +++ b/content/3.defense-systems/zorya.md @@ -13,6 +13,28 @@ tableColumns: --- # Zorya + +## Description + +The Zorya defense system was discovered in 2018 :ref{doi=10.1126/science.aar4120} among other systems. + +The Zorya defense system is composed of two protein ZorA and ZorB in all the subtypes with different other proteins (ZorC + ZorD type I, ZorE type II or ZorF + ZorG type III). + +## Molecular mechanism + +For Zorya type I: + +ZorA and ZorB forms an transmembrane heteromer 5:2 (A:B) acting as a peptidoglycin-binding rotary motor :ref{doi=10.1101/2023.12.18.572097}. The structure show that the 5 ZorA proteins form a long tail inside the cytoplasm. Part of this tail has amino acid homology with the core signaling unit of the bacterial chemosensory array :ref{doi=10.1016/j.sbi.2023.102565} suggesting that the ZorA tail is responsible of the activation of ZorC and ZorD. + +On the other hand, ZorC and ZorD interact with DNA :ref{doi=10.1101/2023.12.18.572097} and ZorD act as a ATP dependant nuclease. + +With all those results :ref{doi=10.1101/2023.12.18.572097}, the suggested mechanism is: + +- Detection of the phage infection by the ZorAB complex (depressed cell wall or inner membrane curvature) +- Signal transduction from ZorA tail to ZorC and ZorD +- DNA binding by ZorC/D and DNA cleavage by ZorD close to the injection site. + + ## Example of genomic structure A total of 2 subsystems have been described for the Zorya system. @@ -152,7 +174,7 @@ end items: - doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab883 - doi: 10.1126/science.aar4120 - + - doi: 10.1101/2023.12.18.572097 --- ::