gao_iet.md

title: Gao_Iet
layout: article
tableColumns:
    article:
      doi: 10.1126/science.aba0372
      abstract: |
        Bacteria and archaea are frequently attacked by viruses and other mobile genetic elements and rely on dedicated antiviral defense systems, such as restriction endonucleases and CRISPR, to survive. The enormous diversity of viruses suggests that more types of defense systems exist than are currently known. By systematic defense gene prediction and heterologous reconstitution, here we discover 29 widespread antiviral gene cassettes, collectively present in 32% of all sequenced bacterial and archaeal genomes, that mediate protection against specific bacteriophages. These systems incorporate enzymatic activities not previously implicated in antiviral defense, including RNA editing and retron satellite DNA synthesis. In addition, we computationally predict a diverse set of other putative defense genes that remain to be characterized. These results highlight an immense array of molecular functions that microbes use against viruses.
    Sensor: Unknown
    Activator: Unknown
    Effector: Unknown
    PFAM: PF00004, PF00082

Gao_Iet

Example of genomic structure

The Gao_Iet is composed of 2 proteins: IetA and IetS.

Here is an example found in the RefSeq database:

The Gao_Iet system in Salmonella sp. SJTUF14076 (GCF_015534835.1, NZ_CP064674) is composed of 2 proteins IetA (WP_023226994.1) IetS (WP_024148175.1)

Distribution of the system among prokaryotes

Among the 22,803 complete genomes of RefSeq, the Gao_Iet is detected in 389 genomes (1.71 %).

The system was detected in 185 different species.

Proportion of genome encoding the Gao_Iet system for the 14 phyla with more than 50 genomes in the RefSeq database.

Structure

Gao_Iet

::molstar-pdbe-plugin

height: 700 dataUrl: /gao_iet/Gao_Iet,Gao_Iet__IetA,0,V-plddts_85.57017.pdb

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::molstar-pdbe-plugin

height: 700 dataUrl: /gao_iet/Gao_Iet,Gao_Iet__IetS,0,V-plddts_90.4167.pdb

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Experimental validation

graph LR; Gao_2020[Gao et al., 2020] --> Origin_0 Origin_0[Escherichia coli WP_000385105.1, WP_001551050.1] --> Expressed_0[Escherichia coli] Expressed_0[Escherichia coli] ----> Lambda & T3 & T7 & PhiV-1 subgraph Title1[Reference] Gao_2020 end subgraph Title2[System origin] Origin_0 end subgraph Title3[Expression species] Expressed_0 end subgraph Title4[Phage infected] Lambda T3 T7 PhiV-1 end style Title1 fill:none,stroke:none,stroke-width:none style Title2 fill:none,stroke:none,stroke-width:none style Title3 fill:none,stroke:none,stroke-width:none style Title4 fill:none,stroke:none,stroke-width:none ## Relevant abstracts

::relevant-abstracts

items: - doi: 10.1126/science.aba0372

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