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Update abi2.md

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...@@ -6,17 +6,21 @@ tableColumns: ...@@ -6,17 +6,21 @@ tableColumns:
doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2005.06.006 doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2005.06.006
abstract: | abstract: |
Abortive infection (Abi) systems, also called phage exclusion, block phage multiplication and cause premature bacterial cell death upon phage infection. This decreases the number of progeny particles and limits their spread to other cells allowing the bacterial population to survive. Twenty Abi systems have been isolated in Lactococcus lactis, a bacterium used in cheese-making fermentation processes, where phage attacks are of economical importance. Recent insights in their expression and mode of action indicate that, behind diverse phenotypic and molecular effects, lactococcal Abis share common traits with the well-studied Escherichia coli systems Lit and Prr. Abis are widespread in bacteria, and recent analysis indicates that Abis might have additional roles other than conferring phage resistance. Abortive infection (Abi) systems, also called phage exclusion, block phage multiplication and cause premature bacterial cell death upon phage infection. This decreases the number of progeny particles and limits their spread to other cells allowing the bacterial population to survive. Twenty Abi systems have been isolated in Lactococcus lactis, a bacterium used in cheese-making fermentation processes, where phage attacks are of economical importance. Recent insights in their expression and mode of action indicate that, behind diverse phenotypic and molecular effects, lactococcal Abis share common traits with the well-studied Escherichia coli systems Lit and Prr. Abis are widespread in bacteria, and recent analysis indicates that Abis might have additional roles other than conferring phage resistance.
Sensor: '' Sensor: Unknown
Activator: '' Activator: Direct Binding
Effector: '' Effector: Unknown
PFAM: PF07751 PFAM: PF07751
contributors:
- Marian Dominguez-Mirazo
relevantAbstracts: relevantAbstracts:
- doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2005.06.006 - doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2005.06.006
--- ---
# Abi2 # Abi2
## Description
The Abi2/AbiD1 system of lactococci is composed of a single protein Abi_2 :ref{doi=10.1016/j.mib.2005.06.006}. Expression of the protein is toxic to the bacteria and is therefore highly regulated. Expression of the protein is triggered by the orf1 of phage bIL66 which results in inhibition of the phage RuvC-like endonuclease activity and stops phage multiplication.
The Abi2 system is composed of one protein: Abi_2. The Abi2 system is composed of one protein:
Here is an example found in the RefSeq database: Here is an example found in the RefSeq database:
...@@ -25,6 +29,9 @@ Here is an example found in the RefSeq database: ...@@ -25,6 +29,9 @@ Here is an example found in the RefSeq database:
Abi2 system in the genome of *Clostridium butyricum* (GCF_014131795.1) is composed of 1 protein: Abi_2 (WP_035763709.1). Abi2 system in the genome of *Clostridium butyricum* (GCF_014131795.1) is composed of 1 protein: Abi_2 (WP_035763709.1).
## Molecular mechanisms
As far as we are aware, the molecular mechanisms remain unclear.
## Distribution of the system among prokaryotes ## Distribution of the system among prokaryotes
The Abi2 system is present in a total of 176 different species. The Abi2 system is present in a total of 176 different species.
...@@ -35,3 +42,7 @@ Among the 22k complete genomes of RefSeq, this system is present in 1210 genomes ...@@ -35,3 +42,7 @@ Among the 22k complete genomes of RefSeq, this system is present in 1210 genomes
*Proportion of genome encoding the Abi2 system for the 14 phyla with more than 50 genomes in the RefSeq database.* *Proportion of genome encoding the Abi2 system for the 14 phyla with more than 50 genomes in the RefSeq database.*
## Structure
## Experimental validation
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