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@@ -10,9 +10,37 @@ tableColumns:
@@ -10,9 +10,37 @@ tableColumns:
Activator: Unknown
Activator: Unknown
Effector: Unknown
Effector: Unknown
PFAM: PF00078
PFAM: PF00078
 
contributors:
 
- Helena Shomar
 
- Marie Guillaume
 
relevantAbstracts:
 
- doi: 10.1093/nar/gkac467
 
- doi: 10.1126/science.aba0372
---
---
# DRT
# DRT
 
 
## Description
 
DRT stands for Defense-associated Reverse Transcriptases.
 
DRTs are a widespread and highly diverse family of defense systems, characterized by reverse transcriptase (RTs) components with antiphage properties. These RTs belong to the so-called group of unknown RTs (UG) and are closely related to the Abortive Infection system (Abi) RTs.
 
 
DRT systems were experimentally validated in _Escherichia coli_ and demonstrated to be effective against an array of diverse phages.
 
So far, DRTs have been classified in 9 different types. Essential components of each DRT type are:
 
- DRT Type 1: UG1 (RT-nitrilaseTM domains)
 
- DRT Type 2: UG2 (RT domain)
 
- DRT Type 3: UG3 (RT domain), UG8 (RT domain) and ncRNA
 
- DRT Type 4: UG15 (RT-alphaRep domains)
 
- DRT Type 5: UG16 (RT domain)
 
- DRT Type 6: UG12 (RT-alphaRep domains)
 
- DRT Type 7: UG10 (PrimS-RT-alphaRep domains)
 
- DRT Type 8: UG7 (RT-alphaRep-PDDExK domains)
 
- DRT Type 9: UG28 (RT-alphaRep domains) and ncRNA
 
 
 
## Molecular mechanism
 
To our knowledge, the molecular mechanism is unknown.
 
Similarly, for the other systems of this family, the molecular mechanism remain unknown.
 
## Example of genomic structure
## Example of genomic structure
The DRT system have been describe in a total of 9 subsystems.
The DRT system have been describe in a total of 9 subsystems.
@@ -159,7+187,7 @@
@@ -159,7+187,7 @@
::
::
## Experimental validation
## Experimental validation
<mermaid>
<mermaid>
graph LR;
graph LR;
Gao_2020[<a href='https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba0372'>Gao et al., 2020</a>] --> Origin_0
Gao_2020[<a href='https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba0372'>Gao et al., 2020</a>] --> Origin_0
Origin_0[ RT-nitrilase UG1 Type 1
Origin_0[ RT-nitrilase UG1 Type 1
@@ -182,7+210,7 @@
@@ -182,7+210,7 @@
Origin_3[ RT UG15 Type 4
Origin_3[ RT UG15 Type 4
Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli
<a href='https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/GCK53192.1'>GCK53192.1</a>] --> Expressed_3[Escherichia coli]
<a href='https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/GCK53192.1'>GCK53192.1</a>] --> Expressed_3[Escherichia coli]
Expressed_3[Escherichia coli] ----> T5 & T3 & T7 & Phi-V1 & ZL19
Expressed_3[Escherichia coli] ----> T5 & T3 & T7 & Phi-V1 & ZL-19
Gao_2020[<a href='https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba0372'>Gao et al., 2020</a>] --> Origin_4
Gao_2020[<a href='https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba0372'>Gao et al., 2020</a>] --> Origin_4
Origin_4[ RT UG16 Type 5
Origin_4[ RT UG16 Type 5
Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli
@@ -246,12 +274,12 @@ end
@@ -246,12 +274,12 @@ end
T3
T3
T7
T7
Phi-V1
Phi-V1
ZL19
ZL-19
T5
T5
T3
T3
T7
T7
Phi-V1
Phi-V1
ZL19
ZL-19
T2
T2
T2
T2
T5
T5
@@ -267,14 +295,5 @@ end
@@ -267,14 +295,5 @@ end
style Title3 fill:none,stroke:none,stroke-width:none
style Title3 fill:none,stroke:none,stroke-width:none
style Title4 fill:none,stroke:none,stroke-width:none
style Title4 fill:none,stroke:none,stroke-width:none
</mermaid>
</mermaid>
## Relevant abstracts
::relevant-abstracts
---
items:
- doi: 10.1093/nar/gkac467
- doi: 10.1126/science.aba0372
---
::
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