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Remi PLANEL authored
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RADAR (Restriction by an Adenosine Deaminase Acting on RNA) is comprised of two genes, encoding respectively for an adenosine triphosphatase (RdrA) and a divergent adenosine deaminase (RdrB), which are in some cases associated with a small membrane protein (RdrC or D). They were first uncovered in a study exploring content of defense islands :ref{doi=10.1126/science.aba0372}.
In the initial study describing RADAR, RADAR was found to perform RNA editing of adenosine to inosine during phage infection :ref{doi=10.1126/science.aba0372}. Editing sites were broadly distributed on the host transcriptome, which could prove deleterious leading to observed growth arrest of RADAR upon phage infection.
Further structural studies revealed potential different mechanism of actions :ref{doi=10.1016/j.cell.2023.01.026, 10.1016/j.cell.2023.01.012}. RdrA and RdrB assemble to form a giant 10 MDa complex. The RADAR defense system limits phage replication by catalyzing ATP deamination. Within this system, RdrB functions as an adenosine deaminase, leading to the buildup of ITP (Inosine Tri-Phosphate) and dITP. RdrA induces RdrB activity and potentially regulates the detection of phage infections.
Further structural studies revealed potential different mechanism of actions :ref{doi=10.1016/j.cell.2023.01.026,10.1016/j.cell.2023.01.012}. RdrA and RdrB assemble to form a giant 10 MDa complex. The RADAR defense system limits phage replication by catalyzing ATP deamination. Within this system, RdrB functions as an adenosine deaminase, leading to the buildup of ITP (Inosine Tri-Phosphate) and dITP. RdrA induces RdrB activity and potentially regulates the detection of phage infections.