Update detocs.md
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- Jean CURY authored
@@ -21,8 +21,6 @@ relevantAbstracts:
Detocs (**De**fensive **T**w**o**-**C**omponent **S**ystem) is a family of 3-gene defense systems. Upon phage recognition, Detocs degrades ATP, which can lead to premature phage lysis or abortive infection depending on the infecting phage, in a way that is currently not fully understood. Detocs shares homology with the bacterial two-component system, a well known bacterial gene regulation system composed of an environment sensor and a cytosolic response regulator mediating gene expression.
@@ -34,6 +32,10 @@ Detocs DtcA ressembles an intracellular sensor kinase. Its N-terminal end compri
The best described Detocs system uses a PNP effector, which was shown to specifically cleave ATP molecules into adenine and ribose-5’-triphosphate, both in vitro and during phage infection. Detocs activity leads to a drastic reduction in ATP and dATP levels during infection and to an accumulation of adenine. In parallel, ADP, AMP, dADP and dAMP levels are also reduced, likely in an indirect manner. Detocs induces growth arrest of T5-infected cells, but not of SECphi27-infected cells, suggesting that the outcome of infection following ATP degradation is phage-specific. The exact way in which this leads to defense against phages is not yet clear, but is believed to be a form of abortive infection. While PNP effectors represent 80% of Detocs operons, other cell-killing effectors can be found in a minority of Detocs systems. A Detocs operon with a transmembrane α/β hydrolase effector from *Enterobacter cloacae* JD6301 was able to efficiently protect *E. coli* against diverse phages :ref{doi=10.1016/j.cell.2023.07.020}.