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......@@ -10,9 +10,34 @@ tableColumns:
Activator: Direct
Effector: Nucleic acid degrading
PFAM: PF09660, PF09661, PF09664, PF09983, PF11795, PF11796, PF11855, PF13555, PF13558, PF13835
contributors:
- Florian Tesson
relevantAbstracts:
- doi: 10.1126/science.aar4120
- doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.09.008
---
# Wadjet
## Description
Wadjet is a defense system discovered in 2018 :ref{doi=10.1126/science.aar4120}. This system is named after the goddess [Wadjet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wadjet) matron and protector of the lower Egypt.
This system was discovered using the [defense island](/general_concept/defense-islands) concept :ref{doi=10.1126/science.aar4120}. However, this system do not show any activity against phages, this system provides a resistance against plasmid transformation :ref{doi=10.1126/science.aar4120,10.1016/j.molcel.2022.09.008}.
This system is composed of 4 genes: JetA, JetB, JetC and JetD. JetA, JetB and JetC were found to be related to MukF, MukE and MukB :ref{doi=10.1126/science.aar4120,10.1098/rstb.2004.1606} housekeeping genes. JetC, related to MukB is a SMC containing protein.
### Molecular mechanism
The anti-plasmid activity Wadjet was shown to be a DNA cleaving mechanism specific to close circular DNA :ref{doi=10.1098/rstb.2004.1606}.
The JetABC complex will act as the sensor detecting using topology sensing the foreign DNA.
JetD protein is a homodimeric endonuclease that cleaves double stranded DNA.
JetD need to be in contact with the JetABC complex to be able to cleave DNA.
The mechanism suggested by :ref{doi=10.1098/rstb.2004.1606} is that the complex will bind to the DNA and will extrude loops similarly to Muk and other SMC proteins :ref{doi=10.1126/science.abm4012,10.1126/science.abb0981} that will then be cleave by JetD.
## Example of genomic structure
A total of 3 subsystems have been described for the Wadjet system.
......@@ -44,6 +69,31 @@ Proportion of genome encoding the Wadjet system for the 14 phyla with more than
## Structure
### Experimentaly determined structure
From :ref{doi=10.1098/rstb.2004.1606} in *Pseudomonas aeruginosa* PA14:
::molstar-pdbe-plugin
---
height: 700
dataUrl: /wadjet/7til_JetD_2mer.pdb
---
::
::molstar-pdbe-plugin
---
height: 700
dataUrl: /wadjet/8dk1_JetABC_2_4_2mer_head.pdb
---
::
::molstar-pdbe-plugin
---
height: 700
dataUrl: /wadjet/8dk2_JetABC_2_4_2mer_dna.cif
---
::
### Wadjet_I
::molstar-pdbe-plugin
......@@ -139,7 +189,7 @@ dataUrl: /wadjet/Wadjet_III,Wadjet__JetD_III,0,V-plddts_91.07357.pdb
::relevant-abstracts
---
items:
- doi: 10.1126/science.aar4120
---
::
......
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